Abstract
1. 1. The continued presence of the transmitter at a synapse can be expected to block synaptic conduction. This criterion was applied to the postulated transmitter role of glutamate at the crustacean neuro-muscular junction and synapses in the chicken retina. 2. 2. In the crayfish claw the mechanical contraction and end plate potentials elicited by stimulation of the fast and the slow motor fibers were completely abolished by glutamate, as long as the amino acid remained in the muscle. 3. 3. In the chicken retina glutamate superfusion abolished tectal responses to light, which soon returned despite the continued presence of the compound. 4. 4. The results are consistent with the role of glutamate as the transmitter in the crayfish claw while it is unlikely that it has this function at the retinal synapses.
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