Gluing lemmas and Skorohod representations

Abstract

Let $(\mathcal{X},\mathcal{E})$, $(\mathcal{Y},\mathcal{F})$ and $(\mathcal{Z},\mathcal{G})$ be measurable spaces. Suppose we are given two probability measures $\gamma$ and $\tau$, with $\gamma$ defined on $(\mathcal{X}\times\mathcal{Y},\mathcal{E}\otimes\mathcal{F}$ and $\tau$ on $(\mathcal{X}\times\mathcal{Z},\mathcal{E}\otimes\mathcal{G})$. Conditions for the existence of random variables $X,Y,Z$, defined on the same probability space $(\Omega,\mathcal{A},P)$ and satisfying $$(X,Y)\sim\gamma\,\text{ and }\,(X,Z)\sim\tau,$$ are given. The probability $P$ may be finitely additive or $\sigma$-additive. As an application, a version of Skorohod representation theorem is proved. Such a version does not require separability of the limit probability law, and answers (in a finitely additive setting) a question raised in preceding works.