Glucuronoyl esterase facilitates biomass degradation in Neurospora crassa by upregulating the expression of plant biomass-degrading enzymes.

Abstract

Glucuronoyl esterase (GE) is a promising agent for the delignification of plant biomass since it has been shown to cleave the linkage between xylan and lignin in vitro. In this study, we demonstrate that NcGE, a GE from Neurospora crassa, stimulates plant biomass degradation. In vitro, NcGE synergistically increased the release of reducing sugars from plant biomass when added together with cellulase or xylanase. In vivo, overexpression of NcGE in N. crassa resulted in an increase in xylanolytic activity. Consistently, elevated transcription of genes encoding the major plant biomass degrading-enzymes (PBDEs) was observed in the NcGE overexpression strain. Increased xylanolytic activity and transcription of PDBE genes were largely abolished when the transcription factors clr-1, clr-2, or xlr-1 were deleted. Interestingly, the expression of some PBDE genes was increased when the hydrolysate of plant biomass by NcGE was added to the culture medium. We propose that NcGE boosts the production of PBDEs through the activation of key transcription factors, which is presumably caused by NcGE-mediated generation of hypothetical inducer(s) from plant biomass.