Glucosinolates, Ca, Se Contents, and Bioaccessibility in Brassica rapa Vegetables Obtained by Organic and Conventional Cropping Systems.

Fernando Cámara-Martos,Sara Obregón-Cano,Antonio De Haro-Bailón

doi:10.3390/foods11030350

Fernando Cámara-Martos, Sara Obregón-Cano + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11030350

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Abstract

In northwest Spain and Portugal, there is a long tradition of cultivating B. rapa subsp. rapa to obtain turnip greens and turnip tops. Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa (turnip greens and turnip tops) were grown under conventional and organic conditions in two Farms in southern Spain. Glucosinolatescontents were higher in Brassicas grown under conventional conditions than those grown under organic ones. Average Ca total and bioaccessible contents ranged between 14.6–23.4 mg/g; 8.9–12.0 mg/g for turnip greens and 6.4–8.9 mg/g; 4.3–4.8 mg/g for turnip tops. According to these concentrations, an intake of 100–200 g (fresh weight) of the studied Brassica rapa fulfills Ca dietary reference intakes (DRI) (considering the total content data) and complies with 72–100% Ca DRI percentage (considering the bioaccessible data). Se concentrations ranged between 0.061–0.073 µg/g and 0.039–0.053 µg/g for turnip greens and turnip tops respectively. Se bioaccessibility values were high, with percentages of around 90%. Finally, the total glucosinolate content ranged between 13.23–21.28 µmol/g for turnip greens and 13.36–20.20 µmol/g for turnip tops. In general, the bioaccessibility of the total glucosinolates analyzed in this study was high, with mean values of around 73% and 66% for turnip greens and turnip tops, respectively. Brassica rapa vegetables grown under both organic and conventional conditions in southern Spain are an excellent dietary source of Ca, Se, and glucosinolates with a high bioaccessibility.

Highlights

Meat and dairy products in the food industry represent a significant portion of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission [1]
No significant differences were found between samples of turnip greens grown under organic and conventional conditions on Farm II (Table 2)
The average Ca content of the turnip top samples was lower than the average Ca content of the turnip greens samples and no significant differences were detected between the Ca content of the turnip top samples in the three groups (Table 3)

Summary

Introduction

Meat and dairy products in the food industry represent a significant portion of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission [1]. Plant species belonging to the Brassicaceae family were one of the first plant groups cultivated and domesticated by humanity Within this family, we found relevant foods of vegetable origin such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, mustard, rapeseed, rocket, and turnip, and it is one of the most economically important plant families in the world [3,4]. We found relevant foods of vegetable origin such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, mustard, rapeseed, rocket, and turnip, and it is one of the most economically important plant families in the world [3,4] Those vegetables are an excellent source of inorganic micronutrients with a high bioavailability and of health-promoting phytochemicals, such as glucosinolates [5,6,7]. These sulfur compounds are hydrolyzed by the myrosinase enzyme (present endogenously in these plants) producing hydrolysis breakdown products (isothiocyanates), which have a protective and preventive effect against several kinds of cancer [6,8,9,10]

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