α-Glucosidase Inhibition and Antioxidant Activities of Respiratory Tree, Gonad, and Body Wall Extracts of Two Species of Sea Cucumbers (Holothuria leucospilota, Stichopus hermanni) from Persian Gulf

Abstract

In the recent years, the morbidity and death rates of diabetes have quickly increased. The enzyme inhibitors and antioxidants are very important as they can treat or reduce the complications of diabetes type II. The sea cucumbers are potential sources for finding bioactive compounds such as antioxidant and enzymatic-inhibitor compounds; hence, the present study was focused on the screening two species of sea cucumbers extracts included (Holothuria leucospilota, and Stichopus hermanni ) from Persian Gulf on α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant activities using two methods of DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power. In enzymatic inhibition assay, the properties of the extracts are divided into three categories, included inhibitory, activatory properties and without any effects. More extracts had inhibitory properties, some of which were activator and some did not have any effects. In both sea cucumbers, the extract of respiration tree showed maximum inhibition of 34% and 40% for S. hermani and H. leucospilota, respectively, on α-glucosidase activity. The respiration tree extract showed the highest activity in both enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activity compared to methanol and dichloromethane extracts of other parts. HIGHLIGHTS Most of extracts had inhibitory properties on α-glucosidase. In both sea cucumbers, the extract of respiration tree showed maximum inhibition of α-glucosidase. The respiration tree extract showed the highest activity in antioxidant activity compared to other extracts.