Glucose-induced oscillatory insulin secretion in perifused rat pancreatic islets and clonal beta-cells (HIT).

Abstract

Normal insulin secretion is oscillatory in vivo and from groups of perifused islets. Stimulation of rat islets with different glucose concentrations gave insulin oscillations of similar period (5-8 min) but increasing amplitude. It has been assumed that oscillatory secretion is due to oscillations in intracellular free Ca2+, as seen in single islets and single pancreatic beta-cells. However, when islets were perifused with diazoxide and high KCl to maintain high intracellular free Ca2+, insulin oscillations of similar amplitude and period still occurred on glucose stimulation, although superimposed on elevated basal secretion. Several likely possibilities for a diffusible synchronizing factor were tested, including pyruvate, lactate, ATP, and insulin itself; nevertheless, perifusion with high concentrations of these did not prevent insulin oscillations. Clonal pancreatic beta-cells (HIT) and dissociated islets also exhibited oscillatory insulin secretion, but with the 5- to 8-min period oscillations superimposed on 15- to 20-min period oscillations. These results indicate that the mechanisms for generating and synchronizing insulin oscillations reside in the beta-cell, although the structure of the islet may modulate the oscillation pattern.