Glucocorticoid replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency--a challenge to physicians?

Abstract

Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a rare disease caused by destruction of the adrenal glands or dysfunction of the pituitary gland or the hypothalamus. Treatment usually requires lifelong replacement therapy with glucocorticoids. Correct use of glucocorticoids and early dose adjustments are essential to cover the increased glucocorticoid demand in stress. Repeated education of patients and their partners is the best strategy to avoid life-threatening emergencies. However, there is a debate whether physicians' knowledge regarding AI is sufficient, in part due to the rareness of this endocrine disorder. To determine the present specific knowledge of physicians in a large University Department of Internal Medicine with a clinically and scientifically active Division of Endocrinology, all interns, residents / fellows, specialists or senior physicians / consultants were asked to complete a questionnaire with various possible answers on the subject of AI (n=69, median age 30 years, range 23-49 years). The present data suggest that in the investigated University Hospital setting current physicians' knowledge of medical replacement strategies in AI may be insufficient depending on the level of education and experience. Even physicians with training in endocrinology in part demonstrated extensive knowledge gaps. There might be a need for additional structured information and training on AI, even in specialized hospitals.