Abstract

研究指出,大腸中短鏈脂肪酸(short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs)的量及濃度與肥胖有高度相關性。然而,腸道菌可利用益生質(如β-glucan)發酵產生SCFAs,SCFAs是否藉由影響脂肪生合成作用進而影響體重及體脂肪之研究尚未明確。因此本研究主要探討,以高脂飲食誘發肥胖之大鼠介入β-glucan或/和Lactobacillus plantarum對於體重及體脂肪的影響。實驗設計使用70隻雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠分為正常飲食組及高脂飲食組,高脂飲食組誘發肥胖後再隨機分為6組,分別為控制組(control, C)、介入五倍劑量大麥β-glucan組(B)、Lactobacillus plantarum組(P)或合併給予Lactobacillus plantarum加一倍、二倍、五倍劑量的β-glucan (1X、2X、5X),實驗期為8週。結果發現β-glucan組和五倍劑量合併組可顯著降低體重增加量,而Lactobacillus plantarum組則有體重增加的趨勢,但各組體脂肪堆積及直腸糞便的腸道菌相均無顯著差異。五倍劑量合併組的攝食量顯著低於控制組。β-glucan組和五倍劑量合併組的盲腸和直腸糞便中的總SCFAs量顯著高於控制組,但大腸黏膜細胞中的總SCFAs無顯著增加,而肝臟酵素acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC)的活性顯著增加,且在β-glucan組肝臟酵素fatty acid synthase (FAS)的活性顯著高於控制組。然而,Lactobacillus plantarum組在盲腸糞便的總SCFAs濃度及ACC和FAS酵素活性與控制組比較有上升趨勢,且直腸糞便和大腸黏膜細胞中的總SCFAs濃度與控制組相比有顯著增加。綜合上述結果發現,在高脂飲食下介入β-glucan可減緩體重的增加,主要原因可能是攝食量的降低。另外,飲食中添加Lactobacillus plantarum則可顯著增加大腸黏膜細胞中短鏈脂肪酸的濃度,進而誘發脂肪生合成作用,因此具有增加體重及體脂肪堆積的效力,而合併給予則無法發生加乘的效應。

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