Glomus Venous malformation of the skin of the left ankle-foot joint: a clinical case and review of the literature

Abstract

Annotation. The work presents a clinical and histological description of a case of glomuvenous malformation and a review of modern data on the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. A case of diagnosis of glomuvenous malformation on the foot of the right lower limb in a 46-year-old man was analysed. The case was characterized by an uncertain dermatological status with the need to exclude malignant neoplasia of the skin. Considering doubts about the benign nature of the skin lesion, the patient was recommended to undergo a therapeutic and diagnostic biopsy. After a medical-diagnostic biopsy, histological sections showed skin with moderate hyperparakeratosis of the epidermis and a clearly delineated, non-encapsulated formation in the dermis. The tumour is represented by numerous vascular channels of the venous type of small and medium caliber, some of which have an enlarged lumen and a thickened wall, filled with erythrocytes. Clusters, chains, and fields of monomorphic glomus cells with weakly expressed eosinophilic cytoplasm and rounded nuclei with finely dispersed chromatin are located perivascularly, without atypia. Mitotic figures are absent. The intercellular stroma is sclerosed with focal oedema. Considering the results obtained by us and the data of modern studies, we can state the ambiguity of views on the diagnosis of glomuvenous malformation with the need for more aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic tactics in adults. The development of an algorithm for the management of adult patients with glomuvenous malformation of the skin is a prospect for further research.