Abstract
The adrenal glomerulosa cells is the cell type most sensitive to extracellular K + in the mammalian organism. Its sensitivity to physiological increases in K + concentration ([K +]) is due to the expression of the two-pore domain K + channels TASK that gives rise to K + conductance in the range of resting membrane potential (≅ −80 mV) and to mechanisms that reduce the activation threshold of T-type voltage-activated Ca 2+ channels. Potassium-induced cytoplasmic Ca 2+ signal activates adenylyl cyclase; induces and activates StAR, the protein that carries cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membramne and also enhances the expression of aldosterone synthase. The cytoplasmic Ca 2+ signal is transferred into the mitochondrial matrix and enhances the reduction of mitochondrial pyridine nucleotides.
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