Glomangioma of the Kidney: A Rare Case of Glomus Tumor and Review of the Literature.

Ammar Almaghrabi,Nizar Almaghrabi,Haneen Al-Maghrabi

doi:10.1155/2017/7423642

Ammar Almaghrabi, Nizar Almaghrabi + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7423642

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Abstract

Background Glomus tumors are rare mesenchymal tumors originating from glomus bodies in the skin. Glomus tumors of the kidney are rare tumors and only a few cases have been reported in the medical literature. An extensive search revealed a very limited number of primary renal glomus tumors. Although most of these cases were benign in nature, including a case with uncertain diagnosis of malignant potential, two were malignant. Case Report We present a unique case of a 57-year-old male patient with an incidentally discovered 2 cm left renal mass. Histopathology examination and immunohistochemical studies confirm the diagnosis of glomangioma (a form of glomus tumor). The patient was followed for one year after partial nephrectomy and showed a benign course without any evidence of local recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the 16th case of primary benign renal glomus tumors. Primary renal glomus tumors are rare and may mimic other mesenchymal renal neoplasms radiologically. Proper investigation (including histopathological analysis and immunohistochemical staining) of kidney tumors is essential to make the diagnosis of glomus tumors, which usually show a benign clinical course following resection.

Highlights

Glomus tumors are rare mesenchymal tumors originating from glomus bodies in the skin
Any overgrowth and/or hyperplasia in one of these structural parts may result in the formation of glomus tumor
Microscopic examination reveals a well-demarcated lesion composed of sheets of cells that were admixed with large, gaping, dilated cavernouslike spaces filled with blood (Figures 2(a) and 2(b))

Summary

Background

Glomus tumors are rare benign mesenchymal neoplasms arising from the neuroarterial receptors called glomus bodies [1]. Glomus tumors are rare entities that account for less than 2% of all soft tissue tumors. All but three are reported as benign glomus tumors with no evidence of recurrence or metastasis during follow-up [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17] These three cases include two cases of malignant glomus tumors [18, 19] and a case of uncertain diagnosis of malignant potential [2]. We present a review of all reported cases in the medical literature

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