Glokom hastalarının depresyon ve anksiyete belirti düzeyleri ile başa çıkma tutumları

Abstract

Ozet Amac. Glokom genellikle ileri yaslarda gorulen, tedavi edilmezse korlukle sonuclanan kronik bir hastaliktir. Bu calisma glokom hastalarinin depresyon ve anksiyete belirti duzeyleri ile basa cikma tutumlarini degerlendirmek amaciyla yapilmistir. Yontemler. Kesitsel bir arastirma olarak planlanan calisma Kasim 2007-Mayis 2009 tarihleri arasinda Cumhuriyet Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Uygulama ve Arastirma Hastanesi Goz Ana Bilim Dali glokom birimine basvuran glokom hastalarinda yapilmistir. Calismaya 170 glokom hastasindan 144’u (%84,7) alinmistir. Kontrol grubu olarak, kronik hastaliklar nedeniyle diger polikliniklerde takip edilen 152 hasta alinmistir. Veriler anket yontemi ile toplanmistir. Ankette hastalarin sosyodemografik ozelliklerini, glokom hastaligi ile ilgili bilgileri ve psikolojik durumunu degerlendiren sorular sorulmustur. Psikolojik degerlendirmede, Beck Depresyon Olcegi (BDO), Durumluk ve Surekli Kaygi Olcegi (STAI-I, STAI-II) ve Basa Cikma Tutumlarini Degerlendirme Olcegi (BCTDO) kullanilmistir. Bulgular. Calisma grubu ile kontrol grubunun BDO, STAI-I ve STAI-II puan ortalamalari arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli fark tespit edilmistir (p<0,05). Calismaya katilan hastalarda kesme puani uzerinde grubunda depresyon belirtileri gorulme duzeyi %45,8, kontrol grubunda %38,5’dir. Calisma ve kontrol grubundaki kadin hastalarin depresyon puan ortalamalari erkek hastalara gore anlamli duzeyde yuksek bulunmustur (p<0,05). Calismada her iki grubun en sik duygusal odakli basa cikma tutumlarini kullandiklari saptanmistir. Duygusal basa cikma yontemlerinden ilk sirayi dini olarak basa cikma, ikinci sirayi pozitif yeniden yorumlama ve gelisme yontemi almistir. Ucuncu olarak sorun odakli basa cikma yontemlerinden calisma grubunda aktif basa cikma, kontrol grubunda yararli sosyal destek kullanma yontemi takip etmistir. Gruplar arasinda inkar disinda diger bas etme yontemleri arasinda istatistiksel olarak anlamli fark tespit edilmistir (p<0,05). Sonuc. Glokom hastalarinda depresyon ve anksiyete oldukca sik gorulen ruhsal hastaliklardandir. Bu nedenle hasta grubunun duzenli goz muayeneleri ile birlikte psikiyatrik degerlendirmeye ve tedaviye alinmasi gerekmektedir. Anahtar sozcukler: Glokom, depresyon, anksiyete, basa cikma tutumu Abstract Aim. Glaucoma is usually seen in older age, resulting in a chronic disease leading to blindness if not treated. This study was performed to evaluate depression and anxiety symptoms levels as well as coping strategy in glaucoma patients. Methods. This study, which was a descriptive cross-sectional research, was performed with 144 glaucoma patients out of 170 who were admitted to Cumhuriyet School of Medicine, Department of Practice and Research Hospital eye unit between November 2007 and May 2009. As a control group, 152 patients whose were admitted to other out patients clinics with different chronic disorders were taken. The data were collected by questionnaire method. Questions were asked to determine the demographic profile and psychological status of the patients as well as their knowledge about glaucoma. Beck Depression Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory I-II (STAI-I, STAI-II) and Coping Strategies with Stress Inventory (COPE) were used for psychological evaluation. Results. There was a statistically significant difference between study and control group in terms of BDI, STAI-I and STAI-II mean points (p<0.05). In patients of study group, incidence of depression symptoms over the cut point was 45.8% while it was 38.5% in the control group. In both groups, avarage depression points of women patients were found to be significantly higher compared to male patients (p<0.05). The most frequent overcoming methods in the study group were overcome religiously, positive reevaluation and progress, active overcoming, respectively. In control group, it was overcome religiously, positive reevaluation and progress, and getting social support. It has been found that emotional-focused coping was the most used method in both groups. Within the emotional coping methods, relegious coping was in the first place and positive interpretation and development was in the second place. In the third place, as problem focused coping methods, it was active coping in the study group whereas it was beneficial social support in the control group. In terms of overcoming methods, there was statistically significant difference between groups except denial (p<0.05). Conclusion. Glaucoma commonly causes depression and anxiety in patients. Therefore, during regular eye examinations of glaucoma patients, psychiatric evaluation and treatment should be performed. Keywords: Glaucoma, depression, anxiety, coping strategie