Abstract
Abstract The end of the Cold War birthed a resurgence in capitalist peace belief, which supported the process of globalization. The United States, the sole superpower, integrated globalization into its foreign policy, shaping the international economy through free-trade internationalism that embedded market capitalism in the world economic system. The hope of peace and prosperity through open free trade seemed possible, nourished by a relaxation of security imperatives and the integrative force of the free market. In the 1990s, a positivism about openness, interdependence, and connectedness drove diplomats, thereby vindicating the capitalist peace. That faith would be tested at home and abroad—in the renewal of most-favored-nation status for China and, eventually, Permanent Normal Trade Relations in preparation for that nation’s entry into the World Trade Organization; the ratification of the WTO itself, as well as NAFTA, and in domestic politics that witnessed rebellions against globalization—even as it triumphed.
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