Abstract
Global system for mobile communications (GSM) was designed as a circuit-switched system that establishes direct and exclusive connection between two users on every interface between all network nodes of the system. This chapter describes classic Signaling System Number 7 (SS-7) protocol stack and the way SS-7 messages are transported over IP networks. A GSM network is split into base station subsystem (BSS), network subsystem (NSS) and intelligent network subsystem (IN). The chapter focuses on architecture of simple voice-centric phone and architecture of a modern smartphone. The most important parameters on the subscriber identity module (SIM) card are the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) and the secret key (Ki), which is used for authentication and the generation of ciphering keys (Kc). While customized applications for mobile-enhanced logic (CAMEL) offers functionality for short messaging service (SMS) and general packet radio service (GPRS) charging, the chapter describes basic functionality necessary for circuit-switched connections.
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