Abstract
Cystathionine γ-synthase (CGS), methionine γ-lyase (MGL), cystathionine β-lyase (CBL) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CGL) share the Cys_Met_Meta_PP domain and play important roles in plant stress response and development. In this study, we defined the genes containing the Cys_Met_Meta_PP domain (PF01053.20) as CBL-like genes (CBLL). Twenty-nine CBLL genes were identified in the peanut genome, including 12 from cultivated peanut and 17 from wild species. These genes were distributed unevenly at the ends of different chromosomes. Evolution, gene structure, and motif analysis revealed that CBLL proteins were composed of five different evolutionary branches. Chromosome distribution pattern and synteny analysis strongly indicated that whole-genome duplication (allopolyploidization) contributed to the expansion of CBLL genes. Comparative genomics analysis showed that there were three common collinear CBLL gene pairs among peanut, Arabidopsis, grape, and soybean, but no collinear CBLL gene pairs between peanut and rice. The prediction results of cis-acting elements showed that AhCBLLs, AdCBLLs, and AiCBLLs contained different proportions of plant growth, abiotic stress, plant hormones, and light response elements. Spatial expression profiles revealed that almost all AhCBLLs had significantly higher expression in pods and seeds. All AhCBLLs could respond to heat stress, and some of them could be rapidly induced by cold, salt, submergence, heat and drought stress. Furthermore, one polymorphic site in AiCBLL7 was identified by association analysis which was closely associated with pod length (PL), pod width (PW), hundred pod weight (HPW) and hundred seed weight (HSW). The results of this study provide a foundation for further research on the function of the CBLL gene family in peanut.
Highlights
Sulfur-containing amino acids play an important role in the growth and development of plants and animals (Lorraine et al, 1986)
The Cys_Met_Meta_PP domain (PF01053.20) containing proteins were identified by HMMER 3.0 with a standard E-value < 1 × 10−5; further, we removed the incomplete sequences, and identified 29 AhCBLL members (Table 1) from the cultivated peanut (A. hypogaea L.) and its diploid progenitors (A. duranensis, A. ipaensis)
The 12 members from A. hypogaea L. were named as AhCBLL1~AhCBLL12, the nine AhCBLLs from A. duranensis were named as AdCBLL1~AdCBLL9, and the eight
Summary
Sulfur-containing amino acids play an important role in the growth and development of plants and animals (Lorraine et al, 1986). When plants lack sulfur-containing amino acid, their metabolic processes will be abnormal and growth will be affected (Kery et al, 1994). Methionine (Met) is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is essential to all organisms and indirectly regulates a variety of cellular processes through S-adenosine methionine (SAM) (Amir, 2010). CBLL Genes in Peanut for the methylation of proteins, lipids, DNA, and RNA, and is a precursor to biosynthesis of the plant hormones ethylene, polyamines, and biotin (Benkova et al, 2003). A recent study showed that Met activates GLR (glutamate receptor), thereby activating Ca2+ channels that regulate stomatal movement and plant growth (Galili et al, 2016). Met promotes root morphogenesis and enhances chlorophyll content to enhance photosynthesis (Sarropoulou et al, 2013)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
