Global Strategy, Local Action with Biogas Production for Rural Energy Climate Change Impact Reduction

E. F. Aransiola,T. D. Adepoju,A. S. Momodu,I. D. Okunade

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_198-1

Abstract

AbstractGlobal climate change impact is predicted to affect various sectors including the energy demand and supply sectors respectively. Combating this impact will require adoption of both global strategy and localized actions. The use of low carbon strategy based on renewables is a global strategy, while waste management of biodegradable materials through the use anaerobic technology to meet energy demand is a local action. Nigeria is among the vulnerable countries to global climate change impact; this is even more aggravated by its dependence on fossil fuel usage as well as poor waste management, which two, contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions. This chapter presents analysis of purified compressed biogas production, a waste conversion option, as a local action to meet rural household energy demand and contribute to global strategy of reducing climate change impact. It discusses both technical and business model approaches to upscale a laboratory experimental procedure for biogas production through anaerobic digestion using vegetal wastes. It shows that using anaerobic technology can achieve efficient waste management and at the same time generate energy that can be used to achieve avoided emissions for climate change impact reduction. The study also concludes that upscaling the project will be sustainable for rural energy augmentation as it produces clean and renewable energy, reduces the use of fossil fuels, provides jobs for skilled and unskilled labor, and generates new return streams.

Highlights

This section presents the results and analysis of the study. This includes the process of scaling up laboratory experiments to the field scale, avoided emission, investment cost, variable cost stream, lifecycle cost, and return streams, as well as business model formulation
Global climate change impact needs to be addressed strategically using local actions. One of such strategy is the use of low-carbon energy resource to meet energy demand
Using waste conversion option through biogas production to meet rural household energy demand is a local action to contribute to the global strategy

Summary

Introduction

Energy is a very crucial input for attaining sustainable development This has become even more pronounced for growth-driven economies, as those in developing countries as Nigeria. Most energy inputs driving economic activities are currently derived from fossil origin, principally hydrocarbon and solid fuels as firewood. These are not socially, environmentally, and economically efficient and not sustainable. Management of waste is a global phenomenon (Isiaka 2017), the challenge is more pronounced in developing countries for three reasons. These are the increased generation of waste due to increased population, improved living standards, technical and human capacity limitations (Guerrero et al 2013). Only about 20–30% is collected with vegetal wastes, making up 65% of those collected (Isiaka 2017; Ogwueleka 2009)

Methods

Results

Conclusion