Abstract
The Global Vaccine Action Plan 2011-2020 (GVAP) (1), endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2012, calls on all countries to reach ≥90% national coverage for all vaccines in the country's routine immunization schedule by 2020. CDC and the World Health Organization (WHO) evaluated the WHO and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) global vaccination coverage estimates to describe changes in global and regional coverage as of 2016. Global coverage estimates for the third dose of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis-containing vaccine (DTP3), the third dose of polio vaccine, and the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) have ranged from 84% to 86% since 2010. The dropout rate (the proportion of children who started but did not complete a vaccination series), an indicator of immunization program performance, was estimated to be 5% in 2016 for the 3-dose DTP series, with dropout highest in the African Region (11%) and lowest in the Western Pacific Region (0.4%). During 2010-2016, estimated global coverage with the second MCV dose (MCV2) increased from 21% to 46% by the end of the second year of life and from 39% to 64% when older age groups (3-14 years) were included (2). Improvements in national immunization program performance are necessary to reach and sustain high vaccination coverage to increase protection from vaccine-preventable diseases for all persons.
Highlights
In 1974, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Expanded Program on Immunization to ensure that all children have access to routinely recommended vaccines
Global coverage with vaccines to prevent tuberculosis, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and measles has increased from
Interventions include strengthening caregiver demand for vaccination, provider communication to caregivers about the benefits of vaccines and addressing any vaccine safety concerns; reminder or recall strategies to ensure caregivers return for future vaccinations, and defaulter tracking strategies to identify children who have failed to return for a recommended vaccination
Summary
The dropout rate (the proportion of children who started but did not complete a vaccination series), an indicator of immunization program performance, was estimated to be 5% in 2016 for the 3-dose DTP series, with dropout highest in the African Region (11%) and lowest in the Western Pacific Region (0.4%). In 1974, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Expanded Program on Immunization to ensure that all children have access to four routinely recommended vaccines that protect against six diseases [3]: bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (to protect against tuberculosis), polio, MCV, and DTP. National DTP1 to DTP3 dropout rates varied from 0% to 55%, with highest dropout in the African Region (11%) and lowest in the Western Pacific Region (0.4%) (Table 2). MCV1 coverage in 2016 ranged from 72% in the African Region to 96% in the Western Pacific Region (Table 1) and from 20% to 99% by country. Coverage with the first and third doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis–containing vaccine (DTP1 and DTP3) and the number of children who were left out (received no DTP doses), dropped out (received 1 or 2 DTP doses), or completed 3 DTP doses — worldwide, 1980–2016
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