Global, regional, and national temporal trends in prevalence for depressive disorders in older adults, 1990–2019: An age-period-cohort analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2019

Abstract

As a severe public health issue, depressive disorders (DD) has caused an increasingly burden of disease, especially in the older adults. To provide an overview and in-depth analysis of temporal trends in prevalence of DD in older adults at global, regional, and national levels over the last 30 years. Here, an age-period-cohort model was adopted to analyze age, period, and cohort effects. We showed that the global prevalence of DD in older adults was increasing. The net drift of the global prevalence of DD was showing an increasing trend in 78 countries, while local drift showing a declining trend in all age groups in high sociodemographic index (SDI) region. Additionally, period and cohort effects exhibited different patterns across regions. Over time, the declining trend was most significant in high SDI regions, while this trend was most significant in middle SDI region. Interestingly, those aged 60–64 years to 70–74 years was increasing globally, while age group aged 75–79 years to 95–99 years was on declining. In high, high-middle, and low SDI regions, individuals born early face higher risks than those born late, while the opposite results were observed in low-middle SDI region. Overall, our findings offer a insight global perspective for studying the temporal trends of DD prevalence, supplementing our evidence and understanding of DD epidemiology, and identifying gaps in DD prevention, management, and intervention plans in different aspects.