Abstract
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Highlights
The environmental, behavioural, and metabolic risks that drive injury and disease are the mechanisms by which public health efforts can most efficiently and effectively prevent health loss
Our findings reinforce the importance of both risk exposure monitoring and epidemiological research to assess causal connections between risks and health outcomes, and they highlight the usefulness of the GBD study in synthesising data to draw comprehensive and robust conclusions that help to inform good policy and strategic health planning
summary exposure value (SEV) for two risks increased by more than 40%: SEVs for high body-mass index (BMI) increased by 70·4% (95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) 57·1–84·5) and SEVs for ambient particulate matter pollution increased by 41·2% (32·1–52·0)
Summary
The environmental, behavioural, and metabolic risks that drive injury and disease are the mechanisms by which public health efforts can most efficiently and effectively prevent health loss. Since 2010, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) has produced comprehensive assessments of risk factor burden by age, sex, cause, and location. The previous iteration of this study, GBD 2016, assessed 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks between 1990 and 2016, with major updates in the assessment of second-hand smoke, alcohol use, and diet. The GBD study remains the only peer-reviewed, comprehensive, and annual assessment of risk factor burden by age, sex, cause, location, and year that complies with the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting
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