Abstract
BackgroundWith the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) seems to have dramatically improved over the last two decades. Accurate information of the global burden of CML is critical for direct health policy and healthcare resource allocation in the era of high-cost TKI therapy.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the health burden of CML at global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2017.MethodsWe collected data of CML between 1990 and 2017 from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2017 including, annual incidence, disease-related mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALY), and the corresponding age-standardized rates (ASRs). To summarize the results, countries were categorized by sociodemographic index (SDI) quintiles and 21 GBD regions.ResultsIn 2017, an estimated 34,179 [95% Uncertainty Interval (UI), 31,516–36,714) incident cases of CML were recorded, and 24,054 (95%UI, 22,233–26,072) CML-related deaths were reported worldwide. Both, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) steadily decreased from 1990 to 2017, with estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of −2.39 (95%UI, −8.13–3.71) and −2.74 (95%UI, −9.31–4.31), respectively. The global incidence and mortality of CML in males were higher than that in females. The ASRs varied substantially across regions, with the highest burden in Andean Latin America, Central Sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia. Besides, the ASRs decreased most obviously in the high-SDI regions compared to non-high-SDI regions. Moreover, the lower the SDI, the higher was the proportion of deaths in the younger age groups.ConclusionDespite the decreasing trends of ASRs of CML from 1990 to 2017, the health-related burden of CML remains a challenge for the low-SDI regions. These findings highlight that appropriate strategies should be adopted in low-SDI countries to reduce the ASRs of CML.
Highlights
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder and accounts for approximately 30% of the incidence of adult leukemias [1]
Regarding CML, we collected the information on incidence rate, death rate, and disability adjusted life-years (DALYs) that was sorted by age, gender, and location from 1990 to 2017
Our analysis showed that the age-adjusted incidence, mortality, and DALY rates of CML
Summary
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder and accounts for approximately 30% of the incidence of adult leukemias [1]. Life expectancy for patients with CML has substantially improved since the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) at the turn of the century [2]. Comparable epidemiological statistics such as age-standardized rates (ASRs) are important metrics to assess the global burden of CML in different countries at various levels of economic development, which may show potentially distinct patterns that can direct health policy and health care resource allocation in the era of high-cost TKI therapy. With the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) seems to have dramatically improved over the last two decades. Accurate information of the global burden of CML is critical for direct health policy and healthcare resource allocation in the era of high-cost TKI therapy
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