Abstract
This study aims to measure the total factor productivity of the main governorates of wheat production in Egypt during the time period 1990-2012 and decompose it into technical change, efficiency change and scale change. We used Global Malmquist TFP index as a non-parametric approach. The results indicated that the contribution of technical change component is more important than the efficiency change component. In fact technical change rose, 25.7%, while efficiency change presented a little decline, 3.7%. The decomposition of efficiency change indicated that the main problem of wheat production in Egypt was scale efficiency that worsened by 5.5%.
Highlights
Egypt is located on the northeast corner of the African continent
The results indicated that the contribution of technical change component is more important than the efficiency change component
The decomposition of efficiency change indicated that the main problem of wheat production in Egypt was scale efficiency that worsened by 5.5%
Summary
Egypt is located on the northeast corner of the African continent. It is bordered by Libya to the west, Sudan to the south, the Red Sea to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north. Wheat is the most important cereal crop and a staple food of the vast majority of the human population (Tiwari & Shoran, 2009). It is a cool-season crop, widely cultivated under varied agroecologic conditions and cropping systems throughout the world. Wheat contributes more calories and proteins to the world diet than any other cereal crops (AbdEl-Haleem et al, 1998; Adams et al, 2002; Shewry, 2009). It is nutritious, easy to store and transport and can be processed into various types of food. Wheat is considered a good source of protein, minerals, B-group vitamins and dietary fiber (Simmonds, 1989; Shewry, 2007), the environmental conditions can affect nutritional composition of wheat grains with its essential coating of bran, vitamins and minerals; it is an excellent health-building food
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