Abstract
Common octopus, Octopus vulgaris, is an economically important cephalopod species. However, its rearing under captivity is currently challenged by massive mortalities previous to their juvenile stage due to nutritional and environmental factors. Dissecting the genetic basis and regulatory mechanism behind this mortality requires genomic background knowledge. A transcriptomic sequencing of 10 dph octopus paralarvae from different experimental conditions was constructed via RNA-seq. A total of 613,767,530 raw reads were filtered and de novo assembled into 363,527 contigs of which 82,513 were annotated in UniProt carrying also their GO and KEGG information. Differential gene expression analysis was carried out on paralarvae reared under different diet regimes and temperatures, also including wild paralarvae. Genes related to lipid metabolism exhibited higher transcriptional levels in individuals whose diet includes crustacean zoeas, which had an impact over their development and immune response capability. High temperature induces acclimation processes at the time that increase metabolic demands and oxidative stress. Wild individuals show an expression profile unexpectedly similar to Artemia fed individuals. Proteomic results support the hypothesis revealed by transcriptional analysis. The comparative study of the O. vulgaris transcriptomic profiles allowed the identification of genes that deserve to be further studied as candidates for biomarkers of development and health. The results obtained here on the transcriptional variations of genes caused by diet and temperature will provide new perspectives in understanding the molecular mechanisms behind nutritional and temperature requirements of common octopus that will open new opportunities to deepen in paralarvae rearing requirements.
Highlights
The common octopus (Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797) is one of the most important cephalopod species worldwide due to its economic relevance (43,334 mT of global landings in 2014, FAO 2018; http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/en)
There are only few studies focused on RNA-seq to evaluate the gene expression profiles in cephalopods and even less if we focused on the genus Octopus[23,24,25,26,27]
Transcriptomic analyses have been combined with shotgun proteomic SWATH-MS methodology (Sequential Window Acquisition of all Theoretical fragment ions followed by the mass spectrometry) to understand the impact of diet and temperature over the culture of O. vulgaris paralarvae
Summary
The common octopus (Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797) is one of the most important cephalopod species worldwide due to its economic relevance (43,334 mT of global landings in 2014, FAO 2018; http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/en). In 2001 Iglesias and collaborators[5] reared two specimens until their adulthood These achievements were obtained using as live prey zoea of decapod crustaceans[5], which is a commercially unviable feeding strategy. Up to date there is only one species of the family Cephalopoda with a complete assembled and annotated genome, Octopus bimaculoides[22] In this context, the use of high-throughput technologies offers new and efficient strategies to perform a broad analysis at molecular level especially in non-model organism. Transcriptomic analyses have been combined with shotgun proteomic SWATH-MS methodology (Sequential Window Acquisition of all Theoretical fragment ions followed by the mass spectrometry) to understand the impact of diet and temperature over the culture of O. vulgaris paralarvae. Comparative expression profiles of genes and proteins of octopus paralarvae reared in different conditions (diet or temperature) were performed. To evaluate the effect of the temperature, we compared the effect of low temperature conditions (15 ± 1 °C), trying to simulate that found at their marine environment, and high temperature conditions (20 ± 1 °C) as one commonly used in octopus paralarvae aquaculture practices
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