Abstract
Like others countries of the world, in Niger also, we are witnessing an increasing use of non-linear electric loads in the domestic, hospital and industrial sectors. However, these loads degrade the shape of the electrical signal and cause disastrous effects to the equipment of the distribution system and the devices which are connected to the network. This article highlights the presence of electric harmonics in the distribution network in Niamey city. In order to do this, measurements were taken at the secondary level of the substations using an energy quality analyze r (FLUKE 1735). By using this measuring instrument, we quantified the voltage and current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) in the three substations. The results obtained show that, although the statutable rates set by the standards are not exceeded for phase conductors, the neutral contains a very critical percentage of distortion on the residential and hospital substations. Moreover, this assessment made it possible to observe the variation of harmonics in the presence of voltage drops.
Highlights
In Africa, the issue of electricity access is at the center of the development challenge
The investigation on the harmonics at the residential, hospital and industrial substations shows the presence of harmonics on the electricity distribution network of the Niamey city
The evolution of the consumption is identical to that of the overall harmonic rates, this justifies that the loads connected to the substations are non-linear
Summary
In Africa, the issue of electricity access is at the center of the development challenge. Many African countries have a small electricity distribution net-. Niger’s electricity distribution network meets these technical criteria. Niger is still in a situation of dependence on electricity, with only one electricity company (called NIGELEC). The electricity subsector is characterized in 2015 by low access and coverage rate (respectively 10.65% and 27.34%) [2], the inadequate and aging of the power generation, transmission and distribution, poor quality of service, inadequate tariffs and insufficiency of regulation in this subsector [3]. We are witnessing in Niger a significant use of non-linear loads in almost all sectors of activity (domestic, hospital, industrial, etc.), among which we can quote: economical light bulbs, screen televisions, computers, mobile phone chargers, etc
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