Abstract
Global gyrokinetic Vlasov simulations for trapped ion modes indicate that the ion temperature gradient (ITG) instability saturates via nonlinear toroidal coupling. Trapped Ion modes were studied by solving a Vlasov equation averaged over the cyclotron and bounce motion of trapped ions. The distribution function, for trapped ions, is then calculated in a two-dimensional phase space, parametrized by two adiabatic invariants, the longitudinal action and the magnetic moment, in presence of a magnetic shear. Our model can be viewed as a kinetic version of the standard one-field Hasegawa-Mima-type and a broad frequency spectrum can originate from model for trapped-ion driven turbulence. Some interesting new features, which appear in the nonlinear regime of the instability, are then discussed.
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