Abstract
In this work we use the random matrix theory (RMT) to correctly describe the behavior of spectral statistical properties of the sea surface temperature of oceans. This oceanographic variable plays an important role in the global climate system. The data were obtained from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and delimited for the period 1982 to 2016. The results show that oceanographic systems presented specific β values that can be used to classify each ocean according to its correlation behavior. The nearest-neighbors spacing of correlation matrix for north, central and south of the three oceans get close to a RMT distribution. However, the regions delimited in the Antarctic pole exhibited the distribution of the nearest-neighbors spacing well described by the Poisson model, which shows a statistical change of RMT to Poisson fluctuations.
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