Abstract
In Russian agriculture, fodder crops play a huge role as a source of complete feed for animals and as the main factor in the greening of all agriculture. It is fodder crops that are the main factors for increasing the humus content in soils, as the main indicator of their fertility, it is they who can most successfully fight wind and water erosion, it is they who most successfully of all agricultural crops can grow on the poorest and most problematic soils (saline, arid, waterlogged, etc.) being pioneers for the cultivation of basic food crops. This predetermines the primary role of forage crops in responding to climate change throughout Eurasia. In the past periods of history, global climate change led to major social shocks precisely because of a sharp decline in agricultural production, crop failures, and even a subsequent decline in population in individual countries [1]. Timely response to such changes by creating varieties adapted to new limiting environmental factors will not only successfully overcome the expected crisis, but also benefit from such a change. In addition to using traditional methods, great hopes are pinned on the widespread use of modern genetic technologies, biochemical and physiological methods, methods of cell and tissue culture.
Highlights
For a long time, in agriculture and in nature, two counter processes have been observed: first, scientists and ordinary peasants are trying to grow new crops in regions in which they have not grown before, and second, periodic climate changes are significant. change the conditions for growing some crops in their traditional regions
A similar process is observed with arid crops in Kalmykia, which is one of the northernmost regions prone to desertification, with harsh winters, where new species and varieties of arid crops have been successfully grown (various saxauls (Haloxylon), small-leaved hodgepodge (Halothamnus subaphyllus (CA Mey)) and other crops
Global warming and the prospects for significant climate change in the regions of our country pose the challenge of creating varieties of forage crops in relation to new conditions and tasks for the production of forage, especially taking into account the emergence of new trends in ensuring food security of the Russian Federation [6]
Summary
In agriculture and in nature, two counter processes have been observed: first, scientists and ordinary peasants are trying to grow new crops in regions in which they have not grown before, and second, periodic climate changes (both warming and cooling) are significant. change the conditions for growing some crops in their traditional regions. By the end of the 20th century, new varieties of this culture were successfully growing practically throughout the entire European part of Russia, and even in the Kirov region there were already zones of sustainable seed production [2].
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