Global Climate Change and Its Consequences in Baikal Siberia and Adjacent Territories

Abstract

The air temperature, precipitation and NDVI trends were calculated for the wet (1982-1999) and dry (2000-2018) periods for the territory of Baikal Siberia and adjacent territories. Temperature rise is observed for the entire study area; at the same time, zones with low growth rates of surface temperature are interspersed with zones with high growth rates, both in latitudinal and longitudinal directions. The wet period is characterized by positive trends in the amount of precipitation for almost the entire study area. During the dry period, negative dynamics of the amount of precipitation is observed for the predominant part of this territory. As a result of the analysis of the spatial distribution of NDVI trends, it was revealed that during the wet period, positive trend values prevail – up to 77%. During the dry period, a multiple increase in negative NDVI trends in arid zones was established, which shows their greatest sensitivity to the moisture regime. For the first time, the shares of the contribution of the anthropogenic and climatic factors to the degradation of the soil and vegetation cover of Russia, Mongolia and China within the region under consideration have been revealed.