Abstract
Inflows of FDI fell by 39%, from US$1.7 trillion in 2008 to just over US$1.0 trillion in 2009. This decline was widespread across all major economic groups. After experiencing a severe fall in 2008, FDI flows to developed countries continued their dramatic decline in 2009 (by a further 41%). Those to developing and transition economies, which had risen in 2008, also declined in 2009 (by 35% and 39%, respectively), as the global financial and economic crisis continued to unfold. All components of FDI - equity capital, reinvested earnings, and other capital flows (mainly intra-company loans) - were affected. However, the decrease was especially marked for equity capital flows, which are most directly related to transnational corporations’ (TNCs) longer-term investments strategies. Regarding the mode of entry, cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) were the most affected, with a 66% decrease in 2009 compared to 2008. The number of international greenfield projects also declined markedly, though to a much lesser degree (-23%).
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