Abstract

Gliosarcoma (GS) is a morphological variant of glioblastoma (GBM), characterized by biphasic glial and sarcomatous compartments. It is not clear whether the mesenchymal metaplasia leading to distinct glial and mesenchymal components in GS is related to the well established mesenchymal gene expression in GBMs, which retain the glial identity. GS stem cells, which preserve the genetic alterations of the original tumors and can differentiate into biphasic mesenchymal and glial components in orthotopic xenografts have been identified. Given the poor prognosis for patients diagnosed with GBM or GS, advances in the understanding of the predictive and prognostic consequences, as well as the mechanisms of activation of mesenchymal programs in these malignancies will likely impact clinical management and outcome.

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