Gleason′s grading in Tru-Cut biopsy specimens of prostate carcinoma

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer is an important growing health problem presenting a challenge to urologists, radiologists, pathologists, and oncologists. Many men have incidental microscopic foci of prostate cancer at postmortem that did not manifest during life time. However, some cancers are aggressive with a rapidly worsening course. The objective of this study was to diagnose prostate carcinoma in Tru-Cut biopsy specimens, determine Gleason's grading and correlate clinicopathological findings and prostate specific antigen (PSA) level. Materials and Methods: Tru-Cut biopsies were performed on 100 clinically highly suspicious patients of prostate carcinoma. Eight to 10 cores of prostatic tissue were obtained. The samples were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. The prostatic tumors were diagnosed and assigned Gleason scores using hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stained sections. Results: Microscopic examination revealed adenocarcinoma in 59, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in 35, and inadequate biopsy in five cases. The age distribution of these 59 cases with adenocarcinoma revealed that 28 were in the 8 th decade, followed by 7 th , 6 th , and 9 th decades, respectively. The mean age was 68.20 years. The Gleason score was 5-7 in 37 patients, 2-4 in 14 cases, and 8-10 in eight cases. The highest PSA level was in Gleason's score of 8-10. Thus, the PSA levels are more in patients with high Gleason grade. Conclusion: Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of prostate carcinoma. The majority of patients had a Gleason score of 5-7, followed by 2-4, and 8-10. The more anaplastic type of cancers were present in the least number of cases.