Abstract
Formation constants (K1) for alkyl benzene complexes with 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone at infinite dilution at 60°C, in each of six alkyl ester solvents and in β,β′-thiodipropionitrile, have been measured. It is shown that no simple relationship between formation constants and infinite dilution activity coefficient (γf∞) of the alkyl benzenes in the solvents exists. However, for the ester solutions, it is shown that log K1 is linearly related with the thermal contribution to γf∞, i.e., γt∞. The analytical uses of π-complexing substances are discussed and a general equation developed. Broad criteria which help to narrow the field of choice of π-complexing additives are outlined.
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