Glaucoma Surgery in Anterior Segment Dysgeneses

Abstract

Anterior segment dysgeneses are rare conditions, and mostly occur sporadically. The severity of dysgenesis and the number of structures affected are highly variable. Glaucoma occurs in approximately 50% of all patients, either as part of primary chamber angle dysgenesis or secondary to surgery, mostly for removal of congenital cataracts. This review provides a brief overview of the embryological background and the spectrum of phenotypes, such as primary congenital glaucoma, Axenfeld Rieger and Peters Anomaly. Current surgical approaches to lower intraocular pressure are discussed. Special attention is paid to the increasingly used microcatheter-assisted 360° trabeculotomy and glaucoma drainage devices in paediatric glaucoma surgery.