Abstract
BackgroundGlaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type of glaucoma. An association between POAG and the subsequent risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) was unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between POAG (including normal-tension glaucoma) and the subsequent risk of AD or PD 8 years following a diagnosis of POAG.MethodsWe performed a retrospective, propensity-score-matched analysis of a population-based cohort consisting of patients with and without POAG aged 60 years and older. Control patients without POAG were propensity-score matched to POAG patients based on their baseline characteristics.ResultsThe incidence rates and confidence intervals (CIs) of AD among the patients with and without POAG were 2.85 (95% CI: 2.19–3.70) and 1.98 (95% CI: 1.68–2.31) per 1000 person-years, respectively. The incidence rates of PD among the POAG and non-POAG cohorts were 4.36 (95% CI: 3.52–5.39) and 4.37 (95% CI: 3.92–4.86) per 1000 person-years, respectively. Kaplan-Meier failure curves showed that the POAG patients had a higher risk of AD than the control patients did (log-rank test, P = .0189). However, the cumulative PD hazard ratios for the POAG and non-POAG patients did not differ significantly (log-rank test, P = .9953).ConclusionIn elderly patients, POAG is a significant predictor of AD, but POAG is not a predictor of PD.
Highlights
Glaucoma, a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration, is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide
In elderly patients, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a significant predictor of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but POAG is not a predictor of Parkinson’s disease (PD)
The purpose of our study is to investigate the association between POAG [including normal-tension glaucoma (NTG)] and the subsequent risk of AD or PD 8 years after POAG diagnosis
Summary
A group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration, is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Glaucoma affects more than 60 million people, and it has been estimated that the disease causes approximately 8 million people to develop bilateral blindness [1]. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type of glaucoma. The death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is crucial to the pathophysiology of all forms of glaucoma. RGCs are a population of central nervous system (CNS) neurons with soma in the inner retina and axons in the optic nerve. Progressive loss of RGCs and atrophy of the optic nerve result in irreversible visual field (VF) loss. Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type of glaucoma. An association between POAG and the subsequent risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) was unclear
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