Abstract
For the past few decades, researchers have been intrigued by glassy polymers, which have applications ranging from gas separations to corrosion protection to drug delivery systems. The techniques employed to examine the sorption and diffusion of small molecules in glassy polymers are the subject of this review. Diffusion models in glassy polymers are regulated by Fickian and non-Fickian diffusion, with non-Fickian diffusion being more prevalent. The characteristics of glassy polymers are determined by sorption isotherms, and different models have been proposed in the literature to explain sorption in glassy polymers over the last few years. This review also includes the applications of glassy polymers. Despite having many applications, current researchers still have difficulty in implementing coating challenges due to issues such as physical ageing, brittleness, etc., which are briefly discussed in the review.
Highlights
IntroductionPolymers are macromolecules which are made up of several smaller components called monomers joined together
Laboratory of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers and Colors, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O
Comparative studies of various models are missing in the literature; The properties of glassy polymers are dependent on sorption isotherms, and to explain the sorption in glassy polymers, there are various models explored in the literature [43,44,45,47,49,50,53,59,63]
Summary
Polymers are macromolecules which are made up of several smaller components called monomers joined together. Rubbery polymers have a higher diffusivity selectivity than glassy polymers as a result [9] These polymers can be transformed into rubbery states either by raising the temperature above glass transition, or the addition of solvent(s) or other additives. When processing temperatures are low enough, the rubbery state transforms into a glassy transition, and during the early stages of drying, as concentration gradients grow within the film, a rubbery–glassy transition forms at the coating–gas interface, creating a glassy skin. This glassy skin grows with respect to time due to more and more solvent removal from the coating.
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