Glassy and nanocrystalline photonic materials and structures by sol–gel

Abstract

Erbium-doped photonic materials and structures have been prepared by sol–gel, in the form of silica–hafnia based optical planar waveguides and 1-D photonic bandgap structures consisting of alternating silica and titania layers. The Er3+ ions were found to be sensitive probes of the waveguide glass matrix structure, especially when hafnium-containing nanocrystallites were present, which narrowed and resolved different Stark components in the photoluminescence peaks. In 1-D Fabry–Perot microcavities, on the other hand, efficient energy transfer was observed from Yb3+ to Er3+ ions when these were present simultaneously in the same defect layer, but not when the two types of ions were isolated in separate defect layers of coupled microcavities.