Abstract
In this review, we first briefly introduce the general knowledge of glass–ceramics, including the discovery and development, the application, the microstructure, and the manufacturing of glass–ceramics. Second, the review presents a detailed description of glass–ceramics in dentistry. In this part, the history, property requirements, and manufacturing techniques of dental glass–ceramics are reviewed. The review provided a brief description of the most prevalent clinically used examples of dental glass–ceramics, namely, mica, leucite, and lithium disilicate glass–ceramics. In addition, we also introduce the newly developed ZrO2–SiO2 nanocrystalline glass–ceramics that show great potential as a new generation of dental glass–ceramics. Traditional strengthening mechanisms of glass–ceramics, including interlocking, ZrO2–reinforced, and thermal residual stress effects, are discussed. Finally, a perspective and outlook for future directions in developing new dental glass–ceramics is provided to offer inspiration to the dental materials community.
Highlights
In this review, we first briefly introduce the general knowledge of glass–ceramics, including the discovery and development, the application, the microstructure, and the manufacturing of glass–ceramics
The development of MAS glass–ceramic was motivated by the need arose for a ceramic missile nosecone for a missile to be guided by an internal antenna [1]
To beGlass–ceramics masked by anwith opaque layer clinical before the more more esthetic layers are laid down layerhigher beforeopacity the more translucent andpower
Summary
Synthetic glass–ceramics were serendipitously discovered by Stanley Donald Stookey in 1953. [1,2,3,4]. Despite the wide application of PFM restorations, the use of metals in the oral cavity has come under disputesframework in recent years because of their incompatibility and composite, consisting of a metallic for load–bearing and biological coated porcelain for aesthetic some other concerns, such chipping of the veneering layer because theofCTE differences between appearance [9]. It still requires a the problem of chipping of the veneering layer exists in the amultilayered restorations veneering layer constructed with a compatible porcelain in still order to achieve more favorable aesthetic drives development of monolithic prostheses with high strength and highoftranslucency resultThis. This the is so–called multilayered dental prostheses. Published papers searched from Web of Science with the key words “glass–ceramics.”
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