Abstract
Inflammatory markers are important prognostic factors in various cancers. This study investigated whether inflammatory markers of the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) predicted progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with all cases of epithelial ovarian cancer (OC). Pretreatment GPS was examined for the correlations with PFS and OS in 216 patients in all stages of epithelial OC. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U‐test. PFS and OS were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Cox's proportional hazard regression was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. For all patients, the median PFS was 35.1 months, and median OS was 46.7 months; follow‐up range was 1–162 months. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that patients with high GPS (GPS 2) at pretreatment had a shorter PFS and OS than did patients with lower GPS (GPS 0 + 1) in for early, advanced, and all‐stages of OC (PFS: P < 0.001 for early‐, advanced‐ and all‐stages; OS; P < 0.001 for early‐ and all‐stage, P = 0.015 for advanced‐stage). GPS (GPS 2) was also found to be an independent predictor of both recurrence (P = 0.002) and survival (P = 0.001) of all cases of epithelial OC by a multivariate analysis. GPS can serve as an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with all stages of epithelial OC, including early‐stage disease and regardless of histology.
Highlights
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the second most common gynecological malignancy in the United States; it accounted for about 21,500 new cases of cancer and 14,600 deaths in the United States in 2009 [1]
We found pretreatment Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) was significantly associated with stage (P < 0.001), histology (P = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001)
The known prognostic factors for OC include residual tumor and chemotherapy response [4, 5]. Inflammatory markers such as GPS are important prognostic factors in various cancers. This is the first study to evaluate whether high pretreatment GPS predicts poor prognosis for patients with epithelial OC, including those with early-stage disease
Summary
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the second most common gynecological malignancy in the United States; it accounted for about 21,500 new cases of cancer and 14,600 deaths in the United States in 2009 [1]. In Japan, 8000 cases of OC are newly diagnosed and more than 4000 women die of the disease every year [2]. Its 5-year survival rate is inversely related to the disease stage at first diagnosis. The 5-year survival rate for stage I disease is 92.7%, most cases (67–74%) are diagnosed with metastatic disease (stage III–IV), which has a 5-year survival rate of only 30.6% [3]. A new approach for pretreatment assessment of OC is pivotal in improving outcomes
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