Glandular Odontogenic Cyst- An Unusual Presentation in the Maxilla

Abstract

The Glandular Odontogenic Cyst (GOC) is thought to be a developmental cyst arising from the remnants of dental lamina. This cyst has an unpredictable and a potentially aggressive behaviour, with a worldwide prevalence of 0.17%. It occurs in patients aged 40- 70 years, occurring exclusively in the anterior mandibular jaw. Here, authors presents a case of 42-year-old male patient reported to the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology with a chief complaint of pain in the upper right back tooth region since five days. Two radiolucencies were observed in the maxillary anterior and posterior regions, as an incidental finding in the radiographic examination. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) revealed two separate unilocular homogeneously hypodense regions with radiopaque sclerotic borders in the maxillary arch, located in the anterior and posterior regions of the maxilla, crossing the midline, which is quite rare. A final diagnosis of GOC was made based on the histopathological examination of the specimen after complete enucleation. Diagnosis of this cyst is challenging clinically and radiographically, as it can be confused with other cysts or malignancies of the jaws. Hence, diagnosis of GOC can only be based on characteristic histopathological findings.