Glaciochemical evidence in an East Antarctica ice core of a recent (AD 1450–1850) neoglacial episode

Abstract

Chemical analysis of a shallow (82.5 m) ice core from a location (DT263) in the essentially unexplored area of Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica, has been used to construct a continuous, high‐resolution 780‐year (AD 1207–1996) glaciochemical record. During the twentieth century, snow accumulation rates and concentrations of chemical species in snow appear to be stable with short‐term variations, indicating relatively stable and warm climatic conditions. The period of AD 1450–1850 in this record is characterized by sharply reduced snow accumulation rates and decreased concentrations of several chemical species that suffer postdepositional losses linked to very low accumulation rates. These characteristics are consistent with colder climatic conditions and suggest that this is likely a neoglacial episode. The timing of this episode coincides with the Little Ice Age (LIA), a relatively cold period in the Northern Hemisphere between the beginning of the fifteenth century and the end of the nineteenth century. Evidence in ice core and sedimentary records also indicates neoglacial conditions in some Southern Hemisphere locations during the general time frame of LIA. The DT263 record, along with a few published ice core records, points to the existence of an LIA‐type climatic episode in Antarctica between the fifteenth century and the twentieth century. However, other Antarctic ice core records show no such evidence. Together, these records highlight the regional differences in Holocene climate variations in Antarctica. The DT263 record suggests that colder and drier conditions prevailed during the LIA time period at the eastern Indian Ocean sector of East Antarctica.