Abstract
Given the complexity of the human genome, can 'personalised medicine' or 'individualised drug therapy' ever be achieved?
Highlights
Ever since the Human Genome Project began in October 1990, hundreds of extremely optimistic reviews have been written, suggesting that ‘personalised medicine was just around the corner’ or that ‘individualised drug therapy was only a few months away’
Can some number of DNA variant sites really be associated — 100 per cent of the time — with the diagnosis of a complex disease such as obesity, or schizophrenia, or coronary artery disease or type-2 diabetes? Can some number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) really be associated — 100 per cent of the time — with the prediction of a drug response? Ideally, a 100 per cent level of success in genotype–phenotype association studies is what physicians require for personalised medicine or individualised drug therapy to be successful
Cost-effective high-throughput genotyping technologies leading to genome-wide association (GWA) studies have demonstrated the requirements needed to separate true associations from the plethora of publications dealing with false positives
Summary
Ever since the Human Genome Project began in October 1990, hundreds of extremely optimistic reviews have been written, suggesting that ‘personalised medicine was just around the corner’ or that ‘individualised drug therapy was only a few months away’. Can some number of DNA variant sites (genotype) really be associated — 100 per cent of the time — with the diagnosis of a complex disease such as obesity, or schizophrenia, or coronary artery disease or type-2 diabetes (phenotype)?
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