Abstract
This study was aimed to use GIS techniques in climate studies. Analysis of monthly wind speed data for the period 1981 to 2017, and mapping of monthly, seasonal and annual wind speed in Iraq has been investigated in this study. The area of study was divided into three regions. the results of Mann Kendall test of the middle and southern region reveal a significant decreasing trend in the months of the summer season. While positive trends of mean wind speed were found in the northern region for the whole period. Wind speed value reaches its highest value in (Jun and July), and the lowest value of wind speed was in December. Seasonal wind speeds show the highest values recorded in the summer and spring seasons and the lowest in the autumn and winter seasons. Wind speed maps were obtained using IDW techniques in G I S, the results show that the annual average of wind speed in the northern, middle and southern regions was 2.7 m/s, 3.6 m/s and 4.1 m/s respectively. While the annual average of wind speed in the study area "Iraq" was 3.6 m/s. The winds were low in the northern region compared to the middle and southern regions. The wind speed maps show the appropriate sites for the installation of wind turbines.
Highlights
The wind is one of the important climatic xi = f(ti) + εi The f(t) is continuous monotonic growing or factors that humans have been interested in diminishing function with time. while εi since their ancient uses
Iraq have a borders with Turkey from the north station to another within the study area, so with a length of 367 km, Iran from the east the wind speed over the study area was with a length 1599 km, Kuwait to the divided into three regions depending on ksoutheast about 255 km, Saudi Arabia to the means methods
The Mann-Kendall trend test has been applied to monthly wind speed which revealed substantial changes. table 1 shows that the northern region is less affected than the rest of the country, with 76% of the stations have increasing trends in monthly wind speed, while 22% of the stations presenting decreasing trends in monthly the stations presenting decreasing trends in wind speed
Summary
The numerical values that allow the integration of analysis of wind speed patterns is trace data, as they are assigned, a value less important in estimating the surface energy than the smallest measured value. 4. It is not necessary to determine whether the important for basic climatic processes such as trend is linear or not in time series analysis. Xj: sources [7, 14] wind speed is an data values in time series i and j (j>i), important element in the study of atmospheric respectively. If xj − xi > 0 have been carried out [12] These studies observed a decrease in annual wind speed in numerous sites around the globe during the past few decades. The Mann-Kendall test is widely used in the analysis of the climatic time series such as. A positive (negative) value of (S) indicates an upward (downward) trend [8]
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