GIS for managing the analysis and protection of archaeological remains in the Willandra Lakes World Heritage Area

Abstract

ABSTRACT Archaeological remains constitute irreplaceable cultural resources. Just like any other natural resource their existence can be threatened by the natural environment or by people, or a combination of both. This is the case at Willandra Lakes with a great scatter of archaeological remains threatened by shifting sands and increasing visitor numbers. This World Heritage Area offers a unique opportunity to understand how people were living around the lake system within the context of a changing climate. Therefore it is vital to implement measures to ensure the ongoing preservation of remains in this region. Apart from utilising a Geographical Information System (GIS) to analyse archaeological data, it can also be utilised as an effective tool for managing the protection of archaeological, faunal and geological remains. This paper proposes that remains at Willandra Lakes be recorded and monitored with a GIS database. This process should combine the use of digital photography and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) at middens, hearths, quarries and burials to effectively record and monitor any changes at a site. A regularly updated GIS map of the area can be used to quickly identify any sites that may be threatened by extreme environmental factors or increased visitors in the area.