Abstract
The climate change is continually creating new challenges for researchers from various fields because it affects rainfall pattern and consequently the runoff and river flow over the world. The unpredictable flash floods of the last summer make it necessary to adapt the methods used in urban hydrology. On the other hand, intensifying urban development takes place without respecting the principles of sustainable development, which inevitably leads to unexpected problems, which cannot be solved without research. Flash floods causing inundation of relatively small urban areas localizing the damage to both the population's assets and the city’s infrastructure. To reduce the damage, it is first necessary to identify it, assess the extent of its and distribution in the city's territory and reveal the causes. The new achievements of remote sensing technologies in the last decade enables the rapid and timely acquisition of spatial information that can be used to identify potentially inundated areas and estimate their geometric parameters. The aim of this article is to determine potentially inundated areas by screening of local depressions using conventional GIS technologies and LIDAR data and develop a digital map for decision makers to maintain the sounder urban planning process.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.74.3.21088
Highlights
The exhaustive and thorough flood risk assessment is necessary in order to create an integrated damage mitigation system
According to the data of statistics portal www.statista.com, the highest losses globally in 2016 were caused by natural disasters of hydrological nature; the natural disasters of meteorological and geophysical nature take the second place in Europe
Without going deep to the statistics details, it should be noted that the problem of floods is very important in the European Union and attention given to this is confirmed by the respective directive on floods adopted in 2007 (Europos parlamento, 2007), which had to be implemented by all countries until 2013
Summary
The exhaustive and thorough flood risk assessment is necessary in order to create an integrated damage mitigation system. According to the research (Kreibich and Dimitrova, 2010) carried out in valleys of Danube and Elbe rivers, four groups of floods of hydrological nature were distinguished, which are provided here in the order of the highest damage caused: 1– break of dikes; 2 – high water level caused by water coming by the river; 3 – flash storms causing local flash floods; and 4 – high level of ground water. This order may be different in different locations, because it is related with both nature of floods and the characteristics of objects located in flood areas
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