Abstract
Abstract. City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) and Industry Foundation Class (IFC) are the two most popular data exchange format for the integration of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) respectively and has been identified by many researchers as an auspicious means of data interoperability between the two domains but with challenges on the compatibility between them. The main issue is the data loss in the process of information transformation. The success of integrating these two domains (GIS and BIM objects) is a great achievement toward solving problems in Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC), Facility Management (FM), Disaster Management (DM) sectors. Nevertheless, as we all know GIS and BIM are different fields used by different professionals using different software packages, used for different purposes, it is definitely face with many challenges including data interoperability, mismatch and loss of semantic information are bound to occur during the process of integration. In order to comprehend the two domains and their data models of CityGML and IFC. This paper review existing models on GIS and BIM developed by different researchers, the complementarity and compatibility of GIS and BIM on the previous integration techniques were also reviewed and finally, the paper review the integration of GIS and BIM at the data level aimed at solving different problems surrounding it by considering the transformation of coordinates at geometric level from CityGML to IFC, in order to achieve flow of information between GIS and BIM.
Highlights
Geographic information system (GIS) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) are two different domains use for the interpretation of 3D model from different perspectives, virtually using two different most popular data exchange formats
For the integration pattern of Geographic Information System (GIS)-BIM, many researchers preferred unidirectional approach, some researchers‟ proposed new tools, extensions, ontology and framework while others concentrate on bidirectional approach (Unified Building Model (UBM))
A comprehensive account on how BIM and GIS data were transformed from Industry Foundation Class (IFC) or City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) through Web Ontology Language (OWL) to the formats that may well be used by simulation applications, e g Energy Plus and CitySIM for city simulation (Costa et al, 2016)
Summary
Geographic information system (GIS) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) are two different domains use for the interpretation of 3D model from different perspectives, virtually using two different most popular data exchange formats. BIM serves as an intermediary of interoperability among industries‟ players thereby boosting its popularity among clients (Azhar et al, 2015), GIS on the other hand visualizes and analyses location related issues in geospatial science and natural resource management by integrating different spatial and attribute data and deriving knowledge through diverse spatial analysis tools and modelling modes (Zhu et al, 2018). This pave way for spatial features or data to be stored as geometric and referenced with coordinates and map projections.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
