Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a systemic metabolic disorder that has become a major threat to public health. Ginsenoside Rg5 (Rg5) has a putative hypoglycemic effect, but its potential mechanism remains unclear. Here, we found that Rg5 not only reduced glycolipid parameters (FBG, TC, TG, and LDL-C), relieved inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), improved hepatic lipid accumulation, and repaired pancreas damage but also increased hepatic glycogen storage by reducing the expression of GSK-3β and increasing the expression of GS in diabetic db/db mice. Furthermore, Rg5 significantly up-regulated the phosphorylation of IRS1, PI3K, and AKT to enhance insulin transduction in liver tissues. These results indicated that Rg5 could alleviate hepatic insulin resistance and improve glucose intolerance by activating the IRS1/PI3K/AKT/GSK3β-GS signaling pathway. Together, Rg5 provide a potential treatment for T2DM and its related metabolic disorders.
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