Abstract
*Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.**International Ginseng & Herb Research Institute, Geumsan 312-804, Korea.ABSTRACT: Ginsenoside Rg3 (G-Rg3) contained only in red ginseng has been found to show various pharmacologicaleffects such as an anticancer, antiangiogenetic, antimetastastic, liver protective, neuroprotective immunomodulating, vasore-laxative, antidiabetic, insulin secretion promoting and antioxidant activities. It is well known that G-Rg3 could be dividedinto 20(R)-Rg3 and 20(S)-Rg3 according to the hydroxyl group attached to C-20 of aglycone, whose structural characteris-tics show different pharmacological activities. It has been reported that G-Rg3 is metabolized to G-Rh2 and protopanaxa-diol by the conditions of the gastric acid or intestinal bacteria, thereby these metabolites could be absorbed, suggesting itsabsolute bioavailability (2.63%) to be very low. Therefore, we reviewed the chemical, physical and biological transformationmethods for the production on a large scale of G-Rg3 with various pharmacological effects. We also examined the influenceof acid and heat treatment-induced potentials on for the preparation method of higher G-Rg3 content in ginseng and gin-seng products. Futhermore, the microbial and enzymatic bio-conversion technologies could be more efficient in terms ofhigh selectivity, efficiency and productivity. The present review discusses the available technologies for G-Rg3 production ona large scale using chemical and biological transformation.Key Words : Panax ginseng, Ginsenoside Rg3, Acid Hydrolysis, Microbial, Enzymatic Transformation
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