Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), a purified, active component of the root or stem of ginseng, exerts positive effects on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Many recent studies have found that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which can develop into hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and mature blood cells, are another class of heterogeneous adult stem cells that can be regulated by Rg1. Rg1 can affect HSC proliferation and migration, regulate HSC/HPC differentiation, and alleviate HSC aging, and these findings potentially provide new strategies to improve the HSC homing rate in HSC transplantation and for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) or other HSC/HPC dysplasia-induced diseases. In this review, we used bioinformatics methods, molecular docking verification, and a literature review to systematically explore the possible molecular pharmacological activities of Rg1 through which it regulates HSCs/HPCs.
Highlights
Ginsenosides are the active components of ginseng and comprise a group of sterol compounds
After Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiate into multipotent progenitors (MPPs), they develop into common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) and common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs), the classic pathway for the differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) [48]
Through the use of bioinformatics and molecular docking methods to analyze the molecular pharmacological mechanism through which Rg1 regulates HSCs/HPCs, we predicted that graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a possible disease target of Rg1 therapy and that ACE is a potential target protein through which Rg1 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of HSCs/HPCs
Summary
Ginsenosides are the active components of ginseng and comprise a group of sterol compounds. The results of the metaenrichment analysis of pathways using the Metascape platform showed that transcription factor binding and endopeptidase activity are enriched molecular functions in HSC differentiation that may be regulated by Rg1. The researchers continuously administered Rg1 (15 mg/kg/day) to CY-induced myelosuppressed mice (splenectomy) for 7 days [27], and the results showed that Rg1 could not effectively increase the percentage of bone marrow Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+ HSCs (no significant difference), but an increasing trend was observed. Rg1 can regulate the SDF-1α/ CXCR4 axis and plays a regulatory role in the vascular intima [32] These findings suggest that Rg1 promotes HSC homing from the spleen to the bone marrow cavity and exerts hematopoietic effects in the bone marrow
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