Ginkgo biloba extract 761 reduces vascular permeability of the ovary and improves the symptom of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a rat model

Abstract

Aims Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb) has been widely applied in the treatment of cerebrovascular and neurological diseases. However, the effect of EGb761 on ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), a vascular disorder and life-threatening complication of in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection therapy (IVF/ICSI), has not been evaluated. Materials and methods Forty female Wistar rats aged 22-days old (D22) were divided into eight groups: Control rats received intraperitoneal injection of saline for five consecutive days (D22–D26); OHSS model group received 10 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) for four consecutive days (D22–D25) and 30 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the 5th day (D26); Prophylactic treatment group received three doses of EGb761 (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) 1 h before injection of eCG (hCG) for seven consecutive days; Therapeutic treatment group received three doses of EGb761 (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) 48 h after injection of eCG (hCG) for seven consecutive days. Results All three doses of EGb761 therapeutic medication significantly reduced ovarian mass index of OHSS model rats (p ≤ .01). Furthermore, therapeutic treatment group exhibited improved vascular permeability, decreased estradiol and progesterone levels, lower corpus luteum, and higher follicle numbers compared with the OHSS model. Elevated protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor (VEGFR) in both ovary and kidney of the OHSS model was restrained by EGb761 therapeutic treatment. Conclusions EGb761 therapeutic medication decreases vascular permeability in OHSS rat model by inhibiting VEGF and VEGFR expression, which may contribute to the treatment of OHSS.