Gingival Health and Periodontal Diseases during Puberty in Females Students in Maal High School in Omdurman, Sudan (2021 – 2022)

Abstract

Background: Periodontal health and diseases are influenced by sex hormones, puberty, menses, pregnancy and menopause. Gingival diseases modified by systemic factors that contribute to gingivitis such as the endocrine changes associated with puberty, the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and diabetes that may exacerbate the gingival inflammatory response to plaque. Aim: To assess the effect of puberty on gingival health and periodontal diseases. Material and Methods: descriptive cross sectional study, among 85 students, in Maal high school in Omdurman, Sudan .Data collected via self administer questionnaire completed for each students. Collected data was entered into the SPSS software (version 26). Data was analyzed and results presented as proportions in table and figures Results: The results of this study showed that 95% of females students had a menstrual cycle, 60% had a good oral hygiene and 52.50% brush their teeth twice a day, majority of students86.25% brushed their teeth, gum and tongue, 62.50% used a medium tooth brush, and 50% of females students had an oral feeling during menstrual cycle, however about 50% of females did not observe any symptoms in oral cavity. Conclusion: This study indicated that hormonal changes occurring during the menstrual cycle influence the periodontium and induce inflammatory symptoms and signs.