Abstract
This randomized clinical study aimed at quantifying the gingival displacement performance in the vertical and horizontal directions of the 3M™ Astringent Retraction Paste (3M Oral Care, Seefeld, Germany) in comparison with the double-cord technique with aluminum chloride as an astringent. Afterward, any soft-tissue changes were assessed for 12 months. After inducing mild gingivitis, 18 probands received the intervention ‘cord’ and 22 probands received the intervention ‘paste’ at the palatal half of upper premolars prior to conventional impression making. The resulting plaster casts were digitized and analyzed for the vertical and horizontal gingival displacement, applying a newly developed computer-assisted methodology. The entire palatal half of the tooth was evaluated instead of only single sites. Under the condition of mild gingivitis, the gingival displacement performance was comparable for both techniques in the horizontal direction (width) and only somewhat better for the cord technique in the vertical direction (depth). The magnitude of displacement was in a similar range in both directions, with somewhat higher values in the vertical direction. The marginal gingiva height changes were of such low extent during the follow-up period of 12 months with only minimally higher values for the paste that they cannot be considered as clinically relevant recessions.
Highlights
Adequate gingival displacement both in the vertical and horizontal direction is a mandatory requirement before impression making of subgingivally prepared teeth for fixed dental prostheses [1]
Under the condition of mild gingivitis, the gingival displacement performance was comparable for both techniques in the horizontal direction and only somewhat better for the cord technique in the vertical direction
The magnitude of displacement was in a similar range in both directions, with somewhat higher values in the vertical direction
Summary
Adequate gingival displacement both in the vertical and horizontal direction is a mandatory requirement before impression making of subgingivally prepared teeth for fixed dental prostheses [1]. While an addition-curing silicone foam (Magic Foam Cord, Coltène Whaledent, Altstätten, Switzerland) showed significantly less horizontal gingival displacement compared to the cord technique, the somewhat worse performance of a kaolin paste system (Expasyl, Pierre Rolland, Merignac, France) compared to the cord technique did not reach statistical significance in a recent meta-analysis [7]. While these two cordless systems have been investigated in several studies, the 3MTM Astringent Retraction Paste (3M Oral Care, Seefeld, Germany), a capsule-based system with less than 5% kaolin and 15% aluminum chloride hexahydrate [9], has barely been studied. The number of studies is not yet sufficient to draw a concluding statement regarding its gingival displacement performance in the vertical and horizontal directions
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